Hair Removal Options

Expert Hair Removal: Your Guide to Lasting Solutions

From at-home routines to advanced medical treatments, choosing the right hair removal method is key to achieving safe, effective, and lasting results. This guide breaks down your options, explaining how technologies like laser and electrolysis work, and what to expect regarding comfort, cost, and permanence. You’ll discover the science behind laser hair removal, why electrolysis is the only FDA-approved permanent solution, and how temporary methods stack up. We cover everything from selecting the best technology for your unique skin tone and hair color, to realistic timelines, essential aftercare, and local Las Vegas cost considerations. Plus, we’ll touch on financing, the advantages of a physician-led clinic, and how these services can support transgender and gender-affirming care, complete with preparation and post-treatment checklists to make your journey smooth and informed.

Popular Hair Removal Methods: What’s Available Today?

We’ll explore the main categories of hair removal: permanent clinical solutions and temporary cosmetic approaches. You’ll learn how each works, from the light-based precision of lasers to the follicle-destroying power of electrolysis and the mechanical action of waxing and shaving. This will help you map out which method best aligns with your goals for permanence, downtime, and comfort. Below, we’ll summarize each approach, compare their core features in a table, and then dive deeper into laser and electrolysis before comparing temporary options and the importance of clinical oversight.

Let’s compare different hair removal methods based on how long results last, the comfort level, the number of sessions needed, and typical cost factors.

This comparison shows that clinical methods focus on lasting results and predictability, while at-home methods offer convenience and a lower initial cost. Understanding these differences is crucial for deciding if a professional consultation is the right next step for your long-term hair removal goals, especially if you have complex skin or hair concerns.

Laser Hair Removal: How It Works and Its Advantages

Laser hair removal uses precisely targeted light energy, absorbed by the melanin in your hair follicles, to generate heat and disrupt hair growth. This process, known as selective photothermolysis, is optimized by matching the laser’s wavelength, pulse duration, and spot size to your specific hair and skin characteristics, ensuring maximum follicle damage while safeguarding your skin. The primary benefits include substantial long-term hair reduction, faster treatment of larger areas compared to electrolysis, and progressively finer regrowth that simplifies your grooming routine. Modern laser advancements have significantly improved speed and safety; for instance, picosecond and long-pulse systems can shorten treatment courses for suitable candidates and minimize side effects when expertly calibrated by trained professionals.

The advantages of laser often lead to questions about when electrolysis might be a better choice, so understanding its mechanics helps clarify the trade-offs for permanent hair removal.

Electrolysis: The Gold Standard for Permanent Hair Removal

Electrolysis permanently eliminates individual hair follicles by delivering a precise electrical current through a fine probe. It’s the only method recognized by the FDA for permanent hair removal at the follicle level. This makes electrolysis uniquely effective for hair that lasers struggle with, such as lighter, finer, or gray hairs, and it’s often recommended for smaller, targeted areas like the upper lip, chin, or eyebrows. Because each hair follicle is treated individually, electrolysis typically requires numerous sessions to achieve permanent results, but the outcome is definitive when performed by skilled practitioners. While the time and discomfort per area can be higher than many laser treatments, electrolysis is invaluable for achieving specific clinical or aesthetic goals.

Since electrolysis treats each follicle one by one, clinics often suggest combining it with other methods for the best overall results, especially when dealing with larger areas or a mix of hair colors.

Temporary Hair Removal: Waxing, Shaving, and Depilatory Creams Compared

Temporary hair removal methods work by removing visible hair without affecting the follicles. They are popular for their convenience, low upfront cost, or immediate needs. Waxing removes hair from the root, offering smoothness for two to six weeks, but it carries risks like ingrown hairs, irritation, and occasional folliculitis. Hair also needs to reach a certain length before waxing can be effective. Shaving is quick, affordable, and generally safe for most body areas, but it results in rapid regrowth and can cause razor burn or ingrown hairs due to repeated skin friction. Depilatory creams dissolve hair shafts chemically, providing results slightly longer than shaving without the need for blades, but they can cause irritation or allergic reactions, particularly on sensitive facial skin.

These temporary options are great for quick grooming fixes or trying out a new look, and many people use them while planning or saving for clinical procedures that offer more permanent hair reduction.

The Crucial Role of Physician-Led Clinics in Hair Removal

Physician-led clinics offer essential medical oversight, pre-treatment assessments, and protocols designed to minimize risks and optimize results, especially for individuals with darker skin tones, complex medical histories, or those undergoing gender-affirming treatments. Medical leadership ensures proper test patching, precise parameter selection for devices, and immediate intervention if any complications arise, all coordinated through rigorous clinical governance. This approach leads to enhanced safety, more predictable cosmetic outcomes, and personalized treatment plans that balance effectiveness with patient comfort. For those concerned about scarring, pigmentation issues, or previous adverse reactions, a physician-led assessment is often the recommended starting point.

Clinics that combine cutting-edge technology with robust medical protocols can also provide advanced comfort strategies, which we’ll explore further in the pain management section.

Laser Hair Removal: Adapting to Your Skin and Hair

The effectiveness and safety of laser hair removal depend heavily on matching the technology and settings to your specific skin type and hair color. This is because melanin in the skin competes with melanin in the hair for light absorption. Choosing the right device, wavelength, and pulse duration is crucial for maximizing follicle damage while protecting the skin’s surface. For darker skin tones, longer wavelengths and effective cooling systems are essential to minimize epidermal absorption and prevent pigmentary side effects. For lighter hair colors like blonde, red, or gray, electrolysis or combination treatments might be more effective. Here, we’ll compare different technologies based on their suitability for various skin and hair types and discuss optimal approaches for darker skin and lighter hair.

Understanding how lasers and devices perform across different skin and hair profiles is key to making informed clinical decisions.

Treating darker skin tones (Fitzpatrick IV-VI) safely and effectively requires careful selection of laser wavelengths and energy levels to prevent adverse reactions.

Laser Hair Reduction for Ethnic Skin: Fitzpatrick Types IV-VI

Unwanted facial and body hair is a common finding in many patients, such as females with hirsutism. With advances in laser and light technology, a clinically significant reduction in hair can be achieved in patients with lighter skin tones. However, in patients with darker skin, Fitzpatrick skin types (FST) IV–VI, the higher melanin content of the skin interferes with the proposed mechanism of laser-induced selective photothermolysis, which aims to target the melanin in the hair follicle to cause permanent destruction of hair bulge stem cells. Many prospective and retrospective studies have been conducted with laser and light hair-removal devices, but most exclude patients with darkly pigmented skin, considering them a high-risk group for adverse effects, including pigmentation changes, blistering, and crust formation. We reviewed the published literature to identify studies that focused on hair reduction for darker skin types. The existing literature for this patient population indicates longer wavelengths as a key element of the treatment protocol and suggests neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG), diode, alexandrite, and ruby lasers, as well as certain intense pulsed light sources, for safe hair reduction with minimal adverse effects in patients with FST IV–VI, provided that energy settings and wavelengths are appropriate. Based on the findings of this review, safe and effective hair reduction for patients with FST IV–VI is achievable under appropriate treatment protocols and energy settings. Laser and light treatments for hair reduction in Fitzpatrick skin types IV–VI: A comprehensive review of the literature, 2018

Optimal Laser Technologies for Darker Skin Tones

For individuals with darker skin, longer laser wavelengths, such as the 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser, are preferred. This wavelength penetrates deeper into the skin and are less absorbed by epidermal melanin, significantly reducing the risk of pigmentary changes. Devices that offer larger spot sizes and longer pulse durations help distribute energy more safely, while effective cooling and conservative energy levels protect the epidermis. It’s crucial for trained professionals to perform test patches and adjust parameters meticulously across sessions. When available, technologies with multiple wavelengths provide greater flexibility to treat a wider range of hair types safely. Using the correct settings and clinical protocols is paramount for both safety and achieving meaningful hair reduction in higher Fitzpatrick skin types.

Selecting the right device and protocol is essential before committing to a full treatment plan, which naturally leads to discussing options for light or gray hair.

Laser Hair Removal for Light or Gray Hair: Is It Effective?

Lasers work by targeting pigment, so hair colors with low melanin content—such as light blonde, red, or gray—offer limited targets for conventional lasers and typically respond poorly to standard settings. For these hair colors, electrolysis remains the most reliable permanent solution as it doesn’t rely on pigment. Some clinics offer a combined approach: initial laser treatments to reduce pigmented hair, followed by electrolysis to address any remaining light or gray strands, balancing treatment time and cost. It’s important to set realistic expectations and consult with a professional early on, as repeated laser sessions on low-pigment hair often yield minimal results and unnecessary expense.

When hair color limits laser effectiveness, a personalized plan that combines different modalities often provides the most practical and successful outcome, guiding the entire session planning process.

Customizing Treatments: How Clinics Adapt to Your Skin and Hair

Clinics tailor treatment plans through an initial consultation where they assess your Fitzpatrick skin type, hair color, density, and any previous treatments. Test patching is then performed to confirm safety and gauge your skin’s response. Key parameters like wavelength, pulse duration, fluence (energy level), and spot size are carefully adjusted to maximize follicle heating while protecting the epidermis. Cooling methods and topical anesthetics are chosen based on your comfort level. Progress is monitored throughout your sessions, and the plan is adapted if regrowth patterns, pigmentary reactions, or hair-cycle responses differ from expectations. This iterative process enhances outcomes and manages risks, particularly for patients with mixed skin/hair characteristics or medical conditions that affect healing.

A thorough pre-treatment assessment and an adaptive protocol help avoid surprises and allow you to plan for realistic treatment durations and comfort measures.

What to Expect During and After Hair Removal Treatments

Your treatment journey will typically involve a brief clinical assessment, test patching for laser treatments, and a session tailored to the size of the area being treated. Post-treatment, you can expect some redness and mild swelling, which usually subside within a few days. Sensations during treatment vary: lasers often feel like a quick snap or a warm sensation, while electrolysis can cause a sharper, localized discomfort. Clinics employ numbing and cooling techniques to enhance comfort. Aftercare focuses on sun protection, gentle skincare, and avoiding irritants to minimize the risk of pigment changes. Follow-up appointments are scheduled to target hairs in their next growth cycle. Clear preparation and aftercare instructions are vital for faster healing, optimal results, and fewer complications.

The following sections will detail pain management strategies, typical session timelines, and an essential aftercare checklist to support your recovery and ensure effective results.

Before we delve into specific pain-relief methods, here’s a quick overview of common comfort strategies used in modern clinics.

• Clinics frequently use topical anesthetics for sensitive areas to reduce surface discomfort.
• Cooling devices are applied during or between laser pulses to protect the skin and ease sensations.
• In-device cooling which immediately cools the skin and eases pain after each pulse.

These strategies collectively help lower perceived pain and enable more efficient treatments. The next section provides more detail on these options and their roles.

Managing Pain During Laser and Electrolysis Sessions

Pain management techniques include applying topical anesthetics before treatment and/or using continuous cooling devices during laser pulses reduced discomfort. The operator’s technique, the pacing of the session, and clear communication about sensations are all critical factors in ensuring a tolerable experience and encouraging adherence to the complete treatment plan.

These comfort measures contribute to faster sessions and smoother recovery, which directly relates to the typical session durations and counts we’ll discuss next.

Typical Treatment Durations and Session Requirements

The duration of each treatment session varies based on the size of the area: small facial zones might take 10–20 minutes, while larger body areas like the legs or back could require 30–60 minutes per session, depending on the device’s spot size and speed. Laser hair removal generally requires multiple sessions spaced according to hair growth cycles—typically 4–8 sessions for significant long-term reduction. Electrolysis may necessitate many more localized visits, as each follicle is treated individually. Advanced devices and optimized protocols can sometimes reduce the number of sessions needed, but realistic estimates depend on factors like hair color, density, the specific anatomical area, and your individual response. Understanding the approximate number of sessions required helps with scheduling, financial planning, and managing expectations before you begin treatment.

Effective session planning and diligent aftercare work hand-in-hand to maintain progress and minimize the risk of side effects, which we’ll cover in the aftercare checklist.

Aftercare Steps for Optimal Results and Skin Health

Aftercare primarily involves diligent sun protection, gentle skincare, and avoiding activities that increase local temperature or friction for several days to a week post-treatment. Use a broad-spectrum SPF, avoid direct sun exposure and aggressive exfoliation, and apply soothing moisturizers as recommended to support skin barrier recovery and reduce the risk of pigment changes. If your clinic used topical anesthetics or patches, follow their specific instructions for removing dressings and resuming your regular skincare routine. Contact your provider immediately if you notice any blistering, persistent hyperpigmentation, or signs of infection, so that timely clinical interventions can be initiated. This proactive approach helps prevent long-term complications and preserves your cosmetic results.

Consistent aftercare and timely follow-up appointments are essential for achieving the best long-term hair reduction and allow for adaptive treatment adjustments if necessary.

Hair Removal Costs in Las Vegas and Payment Options

The cost of hair removal varies based on the size of the treatment area, hair density, technology used, the number of sessions required, and the provider’s expertise. Local market conditions and clinic operating costs also influence pricing, leading to a wide range of estimates across Las Vegas. Key factors include whether advanced multi-wavelength devices are employed, the level of physician oversight, and the availability of package deals or financing options that can reduce the per-session cost. Below, we provide a concise table of cost influencers and typical local payment methods, followed by an explanation of package and financing structures. We’ll also offer a neutral comparison of Original You’s pricing features, without referencing competitor specifics.

Understanding these cost drivers empowers you to plan financially and choose between packages, pay-as-you-go options, or financing solutions that best fit your timeline and goals.

Factors Influencing Laser Hair Removal Treatment Costs

The primary cost drivers include the size of the anatomical area, hair density and color, the specific device used, the clinic’s setting, and the anticipated number of sessions. Each of these variables can increase either the time per session or the total number of sessions needed. Larger or denser areas, such as the back, naturally take longer and thus cost more. Lighter hair colors often require alternative approaches that can increase the overall expense. Technology plays a significant role: clinics utilizing advanced multi-wavelength or faster spot-size devices may charge more per session but can potentially reduce the total number of visits over the course of treatment. Finally, provider experience and physician oversight are factored into pricing, as they directly impact safety and the likelihood of achieving desired outcomes, potentially reducing downstream costs associated with complications.

These variables underscore why a complimentary consultation or test patch is invaluable for obtaining an accurate, personalized estimate and treatment plan.Original You’s Pricing Compared to Other Las Vegas Clinics

Original You distinguishes itself with flexible pricing and payment plans, attractive package discounts, and membership options that sets the clinic apart. Specifically, Original You offers package discounts (10% off five treatments, 20% off seven treatments), financing through trusted providers like Cherry and CareCredit, and a Flexible Pricing and Payment Plans approach designed to enhance accessibility. Memberships start at only $89 per month. To receive personalized pricing estimates and explore your options, take advantage of the complimentary consultations offered to discuss your goals and receive a tailored treatment plan.

These clinic features are thoughtfully designed to improve affordability and predictability, supporting patient adherence to recommended treatment courses.

Why Choose Original You for Your Hair Removal Needs in Las Vegas?

Original You stands out as a physician-led advanced laser clinic serving the greater Las Vegas Valley, specializing in aesthetic laser treatments with a strong focus on cutting-edge technology, patient comfort, and predictable results. These capabilities combine physician oversight with sophisticated technology to ensure safety for complex skin types and to facilitate efficient treatment sessions for those seeking long-term hair reduction. Below, we outline the core technologies and care elements, explain the benefits of physician-led expertise, and describe how visual evidence supports realistic expectations.

The clinic’s comprehensive approach integrates advanced devices with comfort measures and structured financial features to provide patient-centered care across a diverse range of treatment needs.

Advanced Technologies Utilized at Original You for Hair Removal

Original You emphasizes its use of state-of-the-art laser technology, notably the Excel HR system. The Excel HR is a leading platform for hair removal, known for its ability to deliver efficient and effective treatments across a wide range of skin and hair types. This advanced technology helps reduce side effects, speed up procedures, and broaden the range of treatable cases when expertly managed by trained clinicians.

These technology choices directly influence session counts, patient comfort, and the clinic’s ability to safely treat a wide spectrum of skin and hair presentations.

How Physician-Led Care Enhances Treatment Safety and Effectiveness

Physician-led care provides essential medical assessment, meticulous test patching, and protocol oversight that significantly reduce risks and improve outcomes, particularly for patients with complex skin types, a history of complications, or specific medical conditions. Physicians guide the selection of technology and the precise calibration of treatment parameters, ensure adherence to appropriate pre- and post-treatment medical instructions, and are equipped to manage any adverse events should they arise. This level of oversight enhances patient safety and the predictability of cosmetic results. Ultimately, physician-led clinics offer a higher standard of care for individuals seeking long-term hair reduction or requiring tailored, sensitive treatment approaches.

This clinical governance is especially critical when treating delicate facial areas or supporting patients undergoing gender-affirming care.

What Patient Testimonials and Before-and-After Photos Reveal About Results

Before-and-after imagery and patient testimonials offer compelling insights into real-world outcomes across various skin tones and treatment areas, illustrating typical hair fading timelines and the progressive nature of reduction over multiple sessions. High-quality galleries, featuring clear captions and consistent lighting, help prospective patients establish realistic expectations regarding the degree of hair reduction, the number of sessions required, and the likely improvements in grooming convenience. Reviewing diverse examples aids decision-making for individuals with similar skin types or hair characteristics and provides valuable talking points for consultations. Accessing visual evidence alongside a clinical assessment empowers patients to commit to an appropriate plan and understand the practical trajectory of their results.

Combining real-world examples with a thorough clinical assessment helps align expectations and fosters informed consent as you move forward with treatment.

Transgender Hair Removal Services and Gender Affirmation Support

Hair removal plays a significant role in gender affirmation, addressing both practical grooming needs and crucial psychosocial outcomes. Clinical services are designed to provide long-term hair reduction in areas that are important for personal presentation and identity. Laser hair removal can achieve substantial reduction for body and facial hair, simplifying daily routines and enhancing the appearance of gender-congruent features. Electrolysis remains indispensable for the permanent removal of lighter or more resistant facial hairs. Clinics specializing in transgender-focused services prioritize sensitivity, customized treatment plans, and scheduling flexibility to accommodate individual transition timelines and surgical planning. Here, we’ll outline the most effective options, discuss sensitive clinical practices, and highlight the specific benefits of laser hair removal for gender affirmation.

A clear, respectful treatment plan that integrates laser and electrolysis as needed can help patients achieve both their cosmetic and psychosocial goals in a safe and measured manner.

Optimal Hair Removal Options for Transgender Individuals

For transgender individuals, a combined approach often yields the best results: laser hair removal for larger body areas or pigmented facial hair to achieve broad reduction, complemented by electrolysis for individual light or stubborn follicles to ensure precise, permanent outcomes. Achieving smooth, long-term results for facial hair typically involves starting with laser to reduce overall density, followed by electrolysis to address any remaining light hairs in sensitive areas like the upper lip, chin, and around the mouth. Body areas such as the chest, back, or legs generally respond very well to laser treatments, significantly reducing daily shaving and stubble. The choice of treatment ultimately depends on hair pigment and skin tone. Planning treatment timelines with consideration for hormone therapy and surgical procedures ensures that outcomes align with each individual’s transition milestones.

These integrated approaches support efficient treatment courses while targeting permanent results where they are most needed.

How Original You Addresses Unique Needs in Transgender Hair Removal

Original You offers physician-led consultations focused on creating customized care plans, demonstrating sensitivity to the unique needs of transgender patients, and providing a discreet setting to discuss timeline and comfort preferences. The clinic’s advanced technology choices, including the Excel HR system and comfort enhancements, enable more efficient sessions and improved comfort for facial and body areas commonly addressed in gender-affirming care. Complimentary consultations are available for patients to discuss their goals and develop realistic, personalized treatment plans without any upfront cost. These elements combine clinical expertise with patient-centered access and financing tools to support transgender patients seeking sustainable grooming outcomes.

This approach helps align clinical pathways with personal transition timelines, supporting both practical grooming needs and self-presentation goals.

Benefits of Laser Hair Removal for Gender Affirmation

Laser hair removal offers significant benefits, including reduced stubble, less frequent grooming, and a gradual decrease in hair density, all of which simplify daily presentation and boost confidence in gender expression. For many transgender patients, experiencing fewer ingrown hairs, reduced skin irritation from constant shaving, and the ease of maintaining hair-free areas represent meaningful improvements in quality of life. Laser treatments also lessen the time and psychological burden associated with managing unwanted hair, supporting a more consistent gender presentation in both social and professional settings. When combined with precise electrolysis where necessary, laser-based plans can provide both broad reduction and targeted permanence to meet diverse affirmation needs.

These benefits highlight why many patients prioritize clinical hair removal as an integral part of their transition-related care plan.

Common Hair Removal Questions Answered

This final section addresses common patient concerns in clear, actionable terms, covering topics like pain, session requirements, safety, potential risks, and preparation. It encourages booking a clinical consultation for personalized advice. These concise answers are designed to directly address frequently asked questions and are structured for easy scanning by readers preparing for treatment. The FAQ-style subsections that follow offer direct guidance and practical steps to set expectations and improve treatment readiness.

The Q&A format tackles typical pre-appointment concerns and leads into preparation steps for your initial visit.

Is Laser Hair Removal Painful, and How Is Discomfort Minimally?

Laser sensations can range from a light snapping or warm prick to more intense heat, depending on the area and individual tolerance. However, clinics commonly reduce discomfort using several effective strategies. Topical anesthetics applied before treatment numb the skin’s surface, while cooling systems protect the epidermis and minimize heat sensation during laser pulses. With proper pre-treatment preparation and skilled operator technique, most patients report tolerable sensations that tend to decrease across sessions as hair density diminishes.

Minimizing discomfort is key to ensuring adherence to the full treatment plan and achieving better long-term outcomes.

How Many Sessions Are Typically Needed for Permanent Hair Reduction?

Laser hair removal courses usually require multiple sessions spaced across hair growth cycles—commonly four to eight treatments for significant long-term reduction, though individual needs vary based on hair color, density, and the specific area being treated. Electrolysis requires more sessions for a given area because each follicle is treated individually; this makes electrolysis particularly well-suited for small, targeted facial zones where permanent results are desired. Advanced technologies and clinic protocols can sometimes reduce the number of sessions needed. Ultimately, a personalized consultation with test patching will yield the most accurate session estimate.

Understanding the expected range of sessions helps patients budget their time and finances and commit effectively to treatment plans.

Can All Hair Colors and Skin Types Be Treated Safely?

Most combinations of hair and skin can be treated safely when the correct technology and parameters are selected. However, limitations exist: low-pigment hair often responds poorly to lasers and may necessitate electrolysis, while darker skin types require longer wavelengths and conservative settings to avoid pigmentary changes. Test patching and physician oversight are crucial for minimizing the risk of adverse pigment changes, and modern multi-wavelength devices expand the range of safely treatable cases. Clinics that offer a combination of laser and electrolysis can provide comprehensive solutions across diverse presentations while maintaining safety protocols tailored to individual skin and hair characteristics.

A personalized approach ensures both safety and realistic expectations across the full spectrum of skin and hair types.

What Are the Risks and Side Effects of Hair Removal Treatments?

Common, short-term side effects include redness, mild swelling, and temporary irritation, which typically resolve within a few days. Less common complications, such as pigment changes, blistering, or scarring, are minimized through appropriate device selection and adherence to clinical protocols. Risk mitigation strategies include test patches, conservative initial settings, cooling techniques, and physician oversight to promptly manage any unusual reactions. Patients with a history of keloid scarring, active skin infections, or those taking certain medications may require a medical assessment before treatment to rule out increased risk. Prompt clinical follow-up for any concerning signs ensures timely management and reduces the risk of long-term sequelae.

Understanding potential risks and maintaining open communication with your provider are essential for ensuring safety throughout the treatment course.

How Do I Prepare for My First Hair Removal Appointment?

Before your first appointment, avoid tanning or sun exposure, shave the treatment area as instructed, disclose all medications and your medical history, and arrive with clean skin free of cosmetics to facilitate assessment and test patching. Clinics typically advise avoiding retinoids or exfoliating products in the two weeks prior to treatment and will discuss any necessary precautions regarding anticoagulant or photosensitizing medications during your consultation. Prepare any questions you have about session counts, expected sensations, financing options, and aftercare to make the consultation as productive as possible and to plan your follow-up scheduling. Bringing a support person for comfort or transportation after treatments in sensitive areas can also be beneficial for some patients.

These preparation steps help minimize complication risks and ensure your initial visit results in a clear, personalized treatment plan.

• Key takeaways for choosing a method: Consider your goals for permanence, your skin and hair type, your pain tolerance, and your budget.
• Practical next steps: Schedule a consultation, request a test patch, and review financing or package options if needed.
• When to prefer physician-led care: For complex skin types, a history of adverse reactions, or if you desire advanced device options and guarantees.